Control-as-a-Service in Cyber-Physical Energy Systems over Fog Computing

Cyber-Physical Energy Systems (CPES) are introduced for different levels (e.g., microgrid and home) of residential, commercial, and industrial domains. Different management methodologies are implemented using Internet-of-Things (IoT) to address their challenges. IoT has enabled the required interconnectivity for the devices in these systems. However, the management methodologies require multitude of different types of sensing and actuating devices which generate and process large sensed data. Hence, the complexity, scalability, heterogeneity, and performance of the methodologies become challenging with the growing number of these various devices. Implementing the control and management, e.g. energy management as a service for these systems has been seen as a solution providing the required scalability, interactivity, and customizability of architecture. On the other hand, fog computing brings the computation (intelligence) close to the networking platform (edge) benefiting us to address interactivity, scalability, complexity, inherent heterogeneity challenges. Proximity of the computation to the devices may improve the performance and dependability for delay-sensitive devices. Hence, fog computing has been seen as a promising platform for implementing control-as-a-service in the IoT and CPES. Herein, as an example, we illustrate an energy management-as-aservice implemented on a fog computing platform for a residential CPES. Korosh Vatanparvar ( ) Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA, e-mail: [email protected] Mohammad Abdullah Al Faruque Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA, e-mail: [email protected]